Classification and Functional description of automotive filters
The classification and functional description of automotive filters: There are three types of filters: air filters, oil filters, and fuel filters. The air conditioning filters in the car are generally called the "four filters". They respectively undertake the filtration of the medium in the engine's intake system, lubrication system, combustion system and cooling system.
An air filter is a device mainly responsible for removing particulate impurities from the air. When piston-type machinery (such as internal combustion engines and reciprocating compressors) is in operation, if the inhaled air contains dust and other impurities, it will accelerate the wear of parts. Therefore, an air filter must be installed. The air filter is composed of two parts: the filter element and the housing. The main requirements for an air filter are high filtration efficiency, low flow resistance, and the ability to be used continuously for a long time without maintenance.
During the operation of the engine, metal grinding swarf, dust, carbon deposits oxidized at high temperatures, gel-like sediment, water and other substances constantly mix into the lubricating oil. The function of the oil filter is to filter out these mechanical impurities and gums, keeping the lubricating oil clean and extending its service life.
The fuel filter, also known as the oil collection filter, is installed at the suction port end before the oil pump and mostly adopts the filter screen type. Its function is to prevent larger mechanical impurities from entering the oil pump. At present, the filter collectors used in automotive engines are divided into two types: floating filter collectors and fixed filter collectors.
How often should a car filter be replaced?
The air filter of a car should be replaced every 20,000 kilometers or so, and the oil filter should be replaced every 5,000 kilometers or so.
1. Air filter: The air filter is installed in front of the carburetor or intake pipe, serving to filter out dust and sand particles in the air to ensure that a sufficient amount of clean air enters the cylinder. Replace it after about 20,000 kilometers.
2. Oil filter: The oil filter is located in the engine lubrication system. Its function is to filter out harmful impurities in the engine oil from the oil pan, and supply clean engine oil to the crankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, turbocharger, piston rings and other moving pairs, playing a role in lubrication, cooling and cleaning, thereby extending the service life of these components. Replace it after about 5,000 kilometers.
3. The air conditioning filter, commonly known as the pollen filter, functions to filter the air entering the cabin from the outside, thereby enhancing the cleanliness of the air. The replacement cycle mileage is approximately 10,000 kilometers.
4. The fuel filter is designed to remove harmful particles and moisture from the engine's fuel and gas system, thereby protecting the fuel pump, nozzles, cylinder liners, piston rings, etc., reducing wear and preventing clogging. Filter out the iron oxide contained in the fuel. The replacement cycle is subject to the vehicle maintenance manual.