There are many parts for an engine, which are specifically composed of seven major systems:
1.Crankshaft connecting rod mechanism: connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing bush, flywheel, piston, piston ring, piston pin, crankshaft oil seal;
2. Valve train: cylinder head, valve cover, camshaft, valves, intake manifold, exhaust manifold, air filter, muffler, three-way catalytic converter, turbocharger, intercooler, etc.
3. Cooling system: Generally, it is composed of a water tank, water pump, radiator, fan, thermostat, water temperature gauge and water drain switch; (There are two cooling methods for automotive engines, namely air cooling and water cooling. Currently, the majority of engines in the mainstream automotive market in China adopt water cooling.
4. Lubrication System: The engine lubrication system consists of an oil pump, an oil strainer, an oil filter, oil passages, a pressure relief valve, an oil pressure gauge, a pressure sensing plug and an oil dipstick, etc.
5. Fuel System: The fuel system of a gasoline engine consists of a fuel tank, fuel gauge, fuel lines, fuel filter, fuel pump, carburetor, air cleaner, intake and exhaust manifolds, etc.
6. Starting system: starter, ignition switch, battery;
7. Ignition system: spark plugs, high-tension leads, high-tension coils, distributor.
The engines mainly used in cars nowadays are internal combustion engines. Their characteristic is that the fuel burns inside the cylinder, converting the generated thermal energy into mechanical energy. The driving force is then transmitted through the rotating mechanism to drive the wheels, providing the power for the car to move.
Most cars in the past were equipped with carburetor engines. They mixed gasoline and air through a carburetor and then sucked them into the engine cylinder. The mixture was then ignited by an electric spark to generate thermal energy for work.
This type of engine has been phased out due to its high fuel consumption, low efficiency and heavy pollution. It has been replaced by the gasoline direct injection engine, which injects gasoline directly into the cylinder to mix with the air drawn into the cylinder, and then uses an electric spark to ignite it and generate power.